The access control system is the core equipment for communication base station security and remote operation and maintenance management. In unmanned base stations, it acts as an “intelligent electronic gatekeeper” responsible for controlling personnel entry and exit, recording door opening information, and linking with the power environment monitoring system to ensure the physical security of the site. The base station access control system has evolved from early mechanical locks or independent electronic locks to highly integrated and networked intelligent systems, with the core goal of solving the three major pain points of difficult key management, difficult access record traceability, and difficult remote authorization.